China's Global Leadership Aspirations Under Scrutiny

The concept of the "China Dream" has been a significant part of President Xi Jinping's vision for China, aiming to restore the nation to its former glory as a great power. This idea was prominently featured in Xi's speech during the 75th National Day celebrations. Many influential figures and policymakers in Washington believe that one of the main objectives of the China Dream is to challenge and ultimately replace the US-led international order. However, this perspective may be misguided.

In recent remarks, Xi has shown a surprising lack of emphasis on foreign affairs, suggesting that Beijing is neither willing nor capable of taking over America's role on the global stage. This reality calls for a reassessment of US policy to prioritize American interests. Xi's speech at the 19th National Party Congress in 2017 is often referenced as proof of China's ambition to alter the global balance of power. In that address, he described China as aspiring to be "a global leader" and moving "closer to the center stage." Yet, if we take Xi's words at face value, it appears that China is merely seeking a more significant voice in the global arena, reflecting its growing power rather than aiming for world domination.

When we look at Xi's statements from the 20th National Party Congress in 2022, it becomes evident that he had even less to say about global leadership. His focus shifted to the goal of achieving the most "comprehensive national strength" and "international influence" by the middle of the century. While this statement is stronger than his previous one, it relies on subjective measures. The concept of comprehensive national strength is rooted in the Chinese idea of "Comprehensive National Power," which attempts to quantify power through both qualitative and quantitative factors.

While the ambitions of the China Dream are often interpreted as a direct challenge to US dominance, the reality is more nuanced. China may seek a more prominent role in global affairs, but it lacks both the will and the means to fully replace the United States. As the world continues to evolve, it is crucial for policymakers to recognize these dynamics and adapt their strategies accordingly. Understanding the true nature of China's aspirations can help foster a more stable and cooperative international environment.