Egypt Cuts Wheat in Bread to Save Costs

In a bid to cut down on import costs, Egypt is implementing a controversial plan that involves reducing the amount of wheat flour used in bread production. According to industry sources, the government intends to replace one-fifth of the wheat flour with less expensive alternatives such as corn or sorghum. This decision comes as Egypt grapples with the financial burden of being one of the world’s largest wheat importers, spending over $2 billion annually, primarily on imports from Russia.

The plan has sparked significant backlash from bakers and millers across the nation. Many are concerned that the proposed changes will alter the taste and texture of the bread that millions of Egyptians rely on daily. Hesham Soliman, a trader based in Cairo, expressed his apprehension, stating, "The change could be unpopular, producing bread with a different texture and smell." This sentiment is echoed by numerous bakers who argue that using coarser flour will not only affect the quality of the bread but will also lead to increased labor costs due to longer baking times.

Moreover, millers are voicing their opposition as well, since their earnings are directly tied to the volume of wheat they process. With the proposed reduction in wheat usage, their income would inevitably decline. This situation is reminiscent of past attempts by the Egyptian government to substitute wheat with corn, which were ultimately abandoned after strong resistance from industry groups.

In addition to the wheat substitution plan, the Egyptian government has also raised the price of subsidized bread for the first time in decades. This move is part of a broader strategy to manage the country’s economic challenges while ensuring that subsidized bread remains accessible to over 70 million people. Egypt requires approximately 8.25 million tonnes of wheat each year to meet this demand.

As Egypt navigates these changes, it is essential to consider the potential impact on consumers. Bread is a staple food in the Egyptian diet, and any alterations to its composition could lead to dissatisfaction among the populace. While the government’s intentions to save money are clear, the long-term effects on the quality of life for everyday Egyptians must be carefully weighed. Ultimately, the success of this initiative will depend on balancing economic needs with consumer preferences, ensuring that the bread on the table remains both affordable and enjoyable.