Pakistan urged to combat brucellosis outbreak

Brucellosis is a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans, caused by bacteria from the Brucella genus, with B. abortus and B. melitensis being common in Pakistan. This disease affects various domestic animals like cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, horses, and dogs. People working closely with livestock, such as farmers and veterinarians, are at risk of contracting brucellosis.

Considered the second most important zoonotic disease in Pakistan after avian influenza, brucellosis lacks specific control programs at regional or national levels. Many livestock farmers are unaware of how the disease spreads, engaging in risky practices like consuming unpasteurized milk and handling placental materials.

A recent study in Punjab revealed that 9% of sheep and goat flocks and 10% of farmers tested positive for brucellosis. The study highlighted a clear connection between infected animal flocks and the farmers working with them.

Despite the challenges, such as limited surveillance, biosecurity measures, and public awareness, controlling brucellosis in Pakistan is crucial. A coordinated effort involving livestock vaccination, regular screening, and public education under the One Health approach is essential to minimize the risk of transmission from animals to humans.

Brucellosis poses a significant health threat to both animals and humans in Pakistan. By implementing comprehensive control measures and raising awareness, the country can work towards reducing the prevalence of this disease and safeguarding the well-being of its population and livestock.