JERA pioneers ammonia co-firing for cleaner energy

Japan's largest power generator, JERA, has recently completed a groundbreaking three-month trial at its Hekinan thermal power station in central Japan. The trial involved co-firing 20% ammonia with coal, marking a significant step towards reducing carbon emissions in the power generation sector.

The trial, conducted in collaboration with IHI, demonstrated promising results with nitrogen oxides levels remaining stable, a 20% decrease in sulphur oxides, and minimal nitrous oxide emissions. JERA confirmed that the power station's operability was not affected during the trial, paving the way for further advancements in using ammonia as a substitute fuel.

Following the successful trial, JERA plans to begin construction in July to enable the commercial use of ammonia at the Hekinan power station. The company aims to assess the impact of the test on the boiler and associated equipment, with the goal of enhancing technologies for broader adoption of ammonia as a fuel in thermal power generation by March 2025.

Ammonia, a clean gas derived from hydrogen and nitrogen, is traditionally used in fertilizers and chemicals but holds promise as a low-carbon fuel for power generation and marine operations. Japan's initiative to expand ammonia co-firing aligns with its efforts to reduce the environmental impact of coal-fired power plants, which are major sources of CO2 emissions.

While some environmental groups have expressed concerns about the continued use of coal-fired plants through ammonia co-firing, JERA's initiative supports Japan's climate goals. Energy analysts caution that the widespread adoption of ammonia-coal co-firing in Japan's power sector may face cost challenges, and even a coal plant operating on 50% ammonia would still emit more CO2 than a gas plant.

JERA's successful trial of ammonia co-firing at the Hekinan power station represents a significant advancement in the quest for cleaner energy solutions. As Japan continues to explore innovative ways to reduce carbon emissions, the potential of using ammonia as a fuel source holds promise for a more sustainable future in the power generation industry.